Data Integrity - With full-day pre-course session Audit Trail Review

Data Integrity - With full-day pre-course session Audit Trail Review

Copenhagen, Denmark

Course No 17285

This course is part of the GMP Certification Programme "ECA Certified Data Integrity Manager". Learn more.

 

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Speakers

Bob McDowall, R.D. McDowall Ltd.
Yves Samson, Kereon
Dr Franz Schönfeld, GMP Inspector

Objectives

Pre-course session Audit Trail Review
  • You will learn the current regulatory requirements and regulatory expectations for an audit trail (review)
  • All GMP-relevant data (changes and deletions) should be audit trailed – you will learn how to identify GMP-relevant data
  • Event and audit logs: you will understand the differences between and what the regulators expect
  • How should an audit trail review be performed? You will get familiar with the content and the frequency of an audit trail review
Data Integrity
  • Understand the current FDA and EU GMP regulations and guidance impacting data integrity from paper records to hybrid and electronic systems.
  • Understand the FDA requirements for data integrity,  MHRA Data Integrity guidance July 2016 and WHO guidance from September 2015.
  • Learn what is required for a data governance system from senior management through to staff in laboratories, manufacturing and quality assurance.
  • Understand the data life cycle and how it is linked with the business process and where problems can occur for both paper records, hybrid systems and electronic systems.

Background

Pre-course session Audit Trail Review
 
Audit Trail Reviews are required by international regulations like US 21 CFR Part 11 and EU GMP Guide Annex 11. Clause 9 requests:
“Consideration should be given, based on a risk assessment, to building into the system the creation of a record of all GMP-relevant changes and deletions (a system generated “audit trail”). For change or deletion of GMP-relevant data the reason should be documented. Audit trails need to be available and convertible to a generally intelligible form and regularly reviewed”.

Regulators focus on the (creation), modification and deletion of (GMP-relevant) data while many IT systems are not able to generate audit trails at all or they are not able to generate audit trails for GMP-relevant data.

Therefore, this course is designed to support you to identify GMP-relevant data and how to perform and document an Audit Trail review as part of a second person Review.
 
Data Integrity

Data Integrity is a global problem and currently a major concern with FDA and European Regulatory Agencies.  Multiple FDA warning letters and EU GMP non-compliance reports have highlighted major data integrity failures and falsification in companies globally.  The regulatory concern has been responded by the FDA issuing Compliance Program Guide that covers Pre-Approval Inspections. This document became effective in May 2012.  The CPG objective 3 covers the laboratory data integrity audit.  Furthermore in August 2014, the FDA issued Level 2 guidance on their web site about the sharing of login credentials for computerized systems and the use of test injections for testing into compliance.

In Europe, the UK’s MHRA issued a new version of a Guidance for Industry on Data Integrity in March 2018.  This document outlines a data integrity governance system and principles for defining quality and data integrity into processes and systems. The WHO guidance is complimentary to the MHRA guidance in that it provides guidance for data governance and also expectations for records in both paper and electronic form.

As the regulators are tightening their inspection approaches it is important that managers, supervisors and users in regulated GMP laboratories understand the issues around data integrity and begin programs to ensure that their processes and systems ensure data integrity.

Target Group

This course is designed for managers and staff from health care industries as well for auditors who are responsible for the organisation and execution of audit trail (reviews) in their companies.

Programme

Pre-course session Audit Trail Review

Why Is An Audit Trail and Its Review Important? 
  • Part 11 and Annex 11 / Chapter 4 requirements for audit trail
  • Regulatory requirements for audit trail review
  • Guidance documents for audit trail review
  • Do I really need an audit trail?
Audit trail vs. system log
  • Audit trail content
  • Log files
  • What and when should I review?
  • Meaningful audit trails for a meaningful review
Workshop 1: Which Audit Trail to Review?
Attendees will be presented with an overview of the audit trails within an application and the content of each one .  Which audit trails should be reviewed and when?
 
What are GMP-relevant Data?
Annex 11 requires that audit trails monitor GMP-relevant data – what are GMP-relevant data?

Workshop 2: Identifying GMP Relevant Data 
Attendees will be presented with a list of records to identify if they are GMP records and how critical they are to help focus the second person review of audit trail data.Examples from production, laboratory and QA examples of GMP relevant data will be provided

Review of Audit Trail Entries
  • Guidance for frequent is “frequent review” of audit trails
  • Process versus system: avoiding missing data integrity issues when only focussing on a per system review
  • What are we looking for in an audit review?
  • Suspected data integrity violation - What do we need to do?
Workshop 3: Reviewing Audit Trail Entries
Attendees will be provided with the output of an audit trail to review and see if any potential issues are identified for further Investigation.
 
Technical Controls to Aid Second Person Review of Audit Trails
  • Technical considerations for audit trail review e.g.
  • Identifying data that has been changed or modified – how the system can help
  • Documenting the audit trail review has occurred
  • Review by exception – how technical controls can help
  • Have you specified and validated these functions?
 
Data Integrity
 
Why is Data Integrity Important? – Setting the Scene
  • Summary of falsification observed by FDA and EU inspectors 2005 – to date
  • FDAISA act 2012 and October 2014 Guidance for Industry and the impact on inspections
  • Inspection of computerised systems is changing: from paper to on-line
  • MHRA expectation for data governance; data integrity guidance documents 2016
  • FDA Level 2 guidance on data integrity: 2010 and 2014 postings
  • Impact of WHO guidance for data integrity
Data Integrity – EU GMP Requirements
  • EU GMP Chapter 4 – documentation
  • EU GMP Annex 11 computerised systems
  • Data integrity definitions
  • Difference between paper and electronic systems
Principles of Data Integrity
  • The ALCOA+ criteria for data integrity
  • Data life cycle in the process workflow – managing controls
  • Paper versus hybrid versus electronic systems
  • Validation of computerised systems for data integrity controls
  • Scope: production information versus laboratory data: why are laboratory data higher risk? 
Facilitated Discussion / Workshop on Key Data Integrity Topics
  • Recording results on paper
  • Configuration of software applications
  • Unique user identities for all users
  • Unauthorised access
  • Appropriate access privileges for each user role
  • Is my chromatographic system ready?  Role of “test” injections
  • Audit trails – options for older systems
  • Manual chromatographic integration
  • Standalone versus network systems
  • Protecting electronic records of standalone systems
WHO,  MHRA and GAMP Data Integrity Guidances - Key Points
  • Data Governance System within the Pharmaceutical Quality System
  • Data Life Cycle
  • Spectrum of Systems: Paper to Electronic Systems with data integrity audit
  • The GAMP Records and Data Integrity Guide
FDA Draft Guidance for Industry ‘Data Integrity and Compliance with cGMP’
  • Background
  • Questions and Answers regarding Data Integrity
Role of Management in Data Integrity
  • Role of Senior, Production and Department Management in ensuring data integrity within an organisation and its suppliers
  • Data governance within a Quality System
  • Failures to address poor data integrity practices and no training
Development and Scope of a Data Governance System
  • Within a PQS, what is the scope of a data governance system?
  • Who are involved?
  • What are their roles?
Implementing Data Integrity Training
  • Scope of data integrity training
  • What cover in the training?
  • Checking training effectiveness
  • Integrating data integrity training with GMP training
Workshop: Analysis of an FDA Warning Letter
  • Working in teams, attendees will analyse one of several FDA warning letters to identify key areas of regulatory concern
  • Group discussion of regulatory concerns identified
US 21 CFR 211 and EU GMP Chapter 4:  Complete data vs raw data vs primary record
  • Why complete data and raw data are important for understanding data integrity
  • EU GMP Chapter 4 requirements for raw data
  • 21 CFR 211 requirements for laboratory records: complete data
  • FDA Level 2 guidance: paper versus e-records
  • Complete data / raw data / primary record example
Case study: Data Integrity questions as part of an inspection
  • Lab System
  • QA System
  • Manufacturing System
Workshop: How to write testable requirements for Data Integrity
  • Access control
  • Archiving
  • Technology constraints
Data Integrity in paper documentation
  • GMP requirements for good documentation practice
  • Application to paper documents
  • Common problems from FDA 483 observations and warning letters and how to avoid them
User Account Management and Application Configuration
  • Separation of roles and responsibilities between IT and the business
  • Documentation of the configuration of an application e.g. audit trail, user types and access privileges
  • User account management: the dos and don’ts
  • User identities must be unique
  • Regular review of each system users and privileges
IT Support for Data Integrity
  • IT facilities, environmental controls and physical security
  • Qualified IT infrastructure and validated IT systems
  • Backup and recovery / Change control
  • IT support including database administration
  • Impact of IT infrastructure on data integrity
Software Suppliers Responsibility for Data Integrity Compliance
  • Regulatory requirements for software systems: procedural and technical
  • Role of software suppliers
  • Regulations push v market needs pull
  • Implementing technical requirements for software: architecture, database and application
  • Marketing literature versus marketing bullshit
Workshop: Assessing a System for Data Integrity
  • Using a checklist based on the data integrity criteria, attendees will assess a system for data integrity
Case study: Can Spreadsheets meet Data Integrity requirements?
  • Problems with spreadsheets
  • Good Practice for using spreadsheets in a regulated environment
  • Building data integrity features into a spreadsheet
Supply Chain Data Integrity – Organisational Interfaces
  • Approaches to ensuring data integrity of your suppliers
  • Role of technical agreements and audits
Key Learning Points and Final Discussion
  • Summary of Data Integrity Requirements and Key Learning Points
  • Final Discussions and close of the course

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